The primary challenge in satellite laser downlinks is atmospheric turbulence, which distorts and weakens signals.

2.1.1. Overview of the simulation. Figure 1 shows a flowchart of the CO 2 laser tissue vaporization simulation. The simulation comprises tissue modeling, light propagation in the tissue, thermal ...

Using two-dimensional numerical simulations, interaction of a counter-propagating probe laser pulse with a relativistic electron mirror formed with an accelerating laser from a plasma layer is ...

Recent advances in wet and dry etching techniques for GaInAsP/InP laser structures allow the reproducible fabrication of planar and vertical walled facets and grooves. These elements provide efficient ...