In 2013, the Vatican confirmed that their fumata recipes now consist of a clear black smoke recipe: potassium perchlorate ...

When Catholic cardinals vote in the conclave, they then burn their ballots, sending up black smoke to signal ... to rule out any ambiguity should the white smoke look grey, the bells of St ...

The result is a mixture of steam and white or light gray smoke that contrasts sharply with the dark, carbon-rich black smoke. Over the years, the papal conclave smoke signal has evolved from an ...

The result is a mixture of steam and white or light grey smoke that contrasts sharply with the dark, carbon-rich black smoke. Over the years, the papal conclave smoke signal has evolved from an ...

Crime thrillers have always captured an audience with complicated plots and intricate characters. With the long-awaited release of Black, White & Gray – Love Kills, fans can expect even more ...

What does black smoke coming ... Papal Conclave. For white smoke, the Vatican says it used to use wet straw, but to make it a more pure color, instead of a confusing grey, they use potassium ...

It wasn’t clear whether grey smoke was closer to black or white, for example. By the 1970s, the straw method had been abandoned in favour of more controllable chemical mixtures. This has since evolved ...