Crib retaining walls are a form of gravity wall. They are constructed of interlocking individual boxes made from timber or pre-cast concrete. Then, the boxes are filled with crushed stone or other ...

Curtain walls are the first structural element that subjected to wind loads. There are cases in which wind loads controls the structural design of curtain walls that may include bluff body ...

What is a Surge Tank? A surge tank is a water storage device used as a pressure neutralizer in a hydropower water conveyance system to resists excess pressure rise and pressure drop conditions. The ...

Formwork (shuttering) in concrete construction is used as a mold for a structure in which fresh concrete is poured only to harden subsequently. Types of concrete formwork construction depends on ...

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Curing of cement concrete is defined as the process of maintaining the moisture and temperature conditions of concrete for hydration reaction to normally so that concrete develops hardened properties ...

In an era when sustainability has become an important benchmark for forward-thinking buildings, it's inspiring to see how far architecture and design have come in the pursuit of creating a more ...

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Epoxy is a paint, plastic, adhesive, or thermoset plastic material made by mixing two or more industrial chemical compounds to provide a high degree of resistance against wear and tear. It provides ...

The deep wells arrangement for the purpose of dewatering is similar to that for commercial water wells. These systems will make use of a screen that have a diameter of 6 to 4 inches with lengths ...

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