The operational amplifier is arguably the most useful single device in analog electronic circuitry. When you apply them in the circuits, you must know their basics and functions. As for the function ...

Another important op amp application is buffering DAC outputs. Modern IC DACs provide either voltage or current outputs. Figure 3-51 shows three fundamental configurations, all with the objective of ...

Fully differential amplifiers have grown in popularity because of their low distortion, excellent noise rejection, and the simplicity of interfacing them with differential analog-to-digital converters ...

Many industrial and medical applications use instrumentation amplifiers (INA) to condition small signals in the presence of large common-mode voltages and DC potentials. The three op amp INA ...

Members can download this article in PDF format. Use of differential signaling in analog front ends is increasing across a range of applications, from audio processing to factory automation.

Phase sensitive or lock-in amplifiers can extract low level signals in the presence of relatively high noise and, recently, there has been growing interest in their use in portable or embedded ...