"It is essential for us to be able to determine the strength of orbital mixing at the chemical bond by directly probing the metal centres and the ligands," says Prof. Dr. Emad Flear Aziz ...

However, until now, they had not been used to simulate orbital hybridization—a fundamental process in real atoms where orbitals of different shapes and symmetries mix to form new, hybrid orbitals.

To figure out how the mixing occurs, Farhat and his colleagues ... Moreover, the gentle nature of orbital shaking also ensures a better viability and growth rate of the cells at reduced cost." ...