The deterioration and deformation of brittle rock generally appear in railway tunnels with the operation of large buried deep tunnel. To investigate the macro-micro fracture and acoustic emission ...

Two-dimensional materials (2DMs), possessing atomic-scale thickness, are prone to brittle fracture under loading conditions, which can lead to catastrophic failure. As their structural dimensions ...

Material resistance to crack growth and fracture is known as fracture toughness (K c), which determines the structural integrity of brittle materials by characterizing the rate at which energy is ...

Considerable research has been devoted to wellbore instability in shale formations, but wellbore stability in brittle shale is still not resolved. Oil-based drilling fluids (OBDF) provide outstanding ...